If you have an allergy to acarbose or any other part of acarbose. This article is an open access publication abstract metformin is a widelyused drug that results in clear benefits in relation to glucose metabolism and. Take the missed dose as soon as you remember be sure to take it with a meal. Acarbose 1 is an antidiabetic drug used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2 and, in some countries, prediabetes. Acarbose oral tablet is a prescription drug used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is a generic sold in europe and china as glucobay bayer ag, in north america as precose bayer pharmaceuticals, and in canada as prandase bayer ag. Lowers blood glucose by inhibiting the enzyme alphaglucosidase in the gi. Mechanism of action acarbose works by slowing down two enzymes whose job is to digest complex carbs into simple sugars. Slowing food digestion helps prevent large spikes in blood sugar levels following a meal and also helps smooth out daily fluctuations in blood sugar. The mechanisms of action of metformin home springer. The mechanism of alphaglucosidase inhibition in the. Acarbose precose side effects, dosage, interactions. Proper dietary management alone may be effective in controlling blood glucose and symptoms of hyperglycemia. Safety and efficacy of acarbose in the treatment of diabetes in chinese patients ke he, juncheng shi, xiaoming mao department of endocrinology, nanjing first hospital affiliated to nanjing medical university, nanjing, peoples republic of china these authors contributed equally to this work abstract.
It helps lower blood sugar levels together with diet and exercise. Sep 11, 2017 mechanism of action acarbose works by slowing down two enzymes whose job is to digest complex carbs into simple sugars. Acarbose fda prescribing information, side effects and uses. No accumulation of acarbose was noted during administration at a standard dosage of 300 mg, three times daily for 3 months putter et al. Relative incidence of hypoglycemia and relationship to mechanism of action, duration of action, etc. The mechanisms of action of metformin and acarbose are different and complimentary that is, metformin primarily controls fbg, while acarbose controls ppg levels 28. It belongs to a class of drugs called alphaglucosidase inhibitors, which also includes miglitol carbohydrates that are eaten are digested by enzymes in the intestine into smaller sugars. In healthy subjects acarbose 100 to 200mg significantly inhibits postprandial glucose, insulin and triglyceride responses, with some evidence of.
Mar 26, 2019 understanding the mechanism of action for drugs in this category, such as acarbose which i use in an short story helps nurses with patient education and care. Drug action acarbose, an inhibitor of intestinal alpha glucosidases, delays the digestion and absorption of starch and sucrose. Further it stimulates the hydrolysis of the internal. Drug interactions with acarbose there are a number of potential drug interactions with acarbose. Precose, acarbose dosing, indications, interactions. Acarbose inn is an antidiabetic drug used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2 and, in some. If it has been longer than 15 minutes since you started your meal, you may still take acarbose but it may be less effective than taking it with the first bite of the meal.
Acarbose precose side effects, dosage, interactions drugs. Acarbose inn is an antidiabetic drug used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2 and, in some countries, prediabetes. The combination of acarbose and metformin is recommended in clinic because of their different and complimentary mechanisms of action, which provides effective glycemic control with additional. Safety and efficacy of acarbose in the treatment of diabetes. This inhibition is temporary and while these enzymes still continue digest carbs, the rate at which they do so is greatly reduced. In addition, acarbose diminishes the insulinotropic and weightincreasing effects of sulfonylureas. Inhibition is highest for glucoamylase, followed by sucrase, maltase, and dextranase, respectively. Emphasize the importance of adhering to nutritional guidelines, and the need for periodic assessment of glycemic control serum glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels throughout the management of diabetes mellitus. Antidiabetic drugs with the exception of insulin are all pharmacological agents that have been approved for hyperglycemic treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus dm. The antihyperglycemic action of acarbose results from a competitive, reversible inhibition of pancreatic alphaamylase and membranebound intestinal alphaglucoside hydrolase enzymes. Understanding the mechanism of action for drugs in this category, such as acarbose which i use in an short story helps nurses with patient education and care.
Antidiabetic drugs that may be administered if gfr drugs. Proper dietary management alone may be effective in. It is a generic sold in europe and china as glucobay, in north america as precose bayer pharmaceuticals, and in canada as prandase. Weight gain gi effects especially biguanides and acarbose, etc. Safety and efficacy of acarbose in the treatment of. Because of its mechanism of action, maracarbose when administered alone will not cause hypoglycemia in the fasted or postprandial state. Mechanism of antidiabetic action and therapeutic usefulness harold e lebovitz, mark n feinglos diabetes care may 1978, 1 3 189198. Acarbose delays the production of monosaccharides notably glucose by inhibiting the. Pdf acarbose plus metformin fixeddose combination in. As a consequence of plasma glucose reduction, precose reduces levels of glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The mechanism of action of acarbose, however, limits the burden on. Antidiabetic drugs knowledge for medical students and. Acarbose is a complex oligosaccharide that acts as a competitive, reversible inhibitor of pancreatic. In initiating treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus, diet should be emphasized as the primary form of treatment.
Because its mechanism of action is different, the effect of acarbose to enhance glycemic control is additive to that of sulfonylureas, insulin or metformin when used in combination. The antihyperglycemic action of acarbose results from a. Pdf the alphaglucosidase inhibitor acarbose has been used for more than 20 years. The mechanism of alphaglucosidase inhibition in the management of diabetes. It is used to lower blood sugar in patients with high blood sugar diabetes.
Precose acarbose dose, indications, adverse effects. Nov 11, 2012 acarbose delays the production of monosaccharides notably glucose by inhibiting the. Acarbose side effects and the mechanism of action sepalika. Encouragepatienttofollowprescribeddiet,medication,andexerciseregimento preventhypoglycemicorhyperglycemicepisodes. Acarbose is the generic form of the brandname drug precose, a prescription drug used to help control bloodsugar levels in people who have type 2 diabetes. Acarbose is a prescription oral drug that is used to control blood glucose levels in people type 2 diabetes in conjunction with diet, exercise, and other diabetes drugs, for example, metformin or insulin. In contrast to sulfonylureas, precose does not enhance insulin secretion.
Acarbose is used with a proper diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes. The antihyperglycemic action of acarbose results from a competitive, reversible inhibition of pancreatic alphaamylase and membranebound intestinal alphaglucoside. Pdf acarbose plus metformin fixeddose combination in the. Assessment of mechanism of action of antidiabetic activity. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve. For example, acarbose can interact with certain medicines including sulfonylureas and insulin to increase your risk of low blood sugar.
An update of its therapeutic use in diabetes treatment. Its available as a generic drug and as the brandname. In contrast to sulfonylureas, acarbose does not enhance insulin secretion. There are a number of potential drug interactions with acarbose. Effects on renal physiology diuresis, fluid retention, etc. Pdf critical evaluation of the role of acarbose in the treatment of. Encourage patient to monitor blood glucose before and after exercise, and to adjust food intake to maintain normal glycemic levels. Acarbose is taken with meals to slow the action of certain chemicals enzymes in the intestine that breakdown food to release glucose sugar into your bloodstream. Also, taking acarbose along with niacin, isoniazid, or estrogens among other drugs can make acarbose less effective, increasing your risk. Instruct patient in proper testing of serum glucose and urine ketones. Acarbose is an oral alpha glucosidase inhibitor used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Ii the present study demonstrated that acarbose significantly lowered fasting blood glucose levels in noninsulindependentdiabetics. The development of the alphaglucosidase inhibitor acarbose provides a new approach in the management of diabetes. Precose acarbose side effects, images, uses, dosage. The possible mechanism for antidiabetic activity of natural products is due to its action on carbohydrate binding regions of. Caloric restriction and weight loss are essential in the obese diabetic patient. Acarbose is effective in increasing circulating postprandial active glp1 glucagonlike polypeptide1 levels and aids the action of dpp4 inhibitors, and simultaneously decreases glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide gip. Because of its unique mode of action, acarbose not only plays an essential and direct role in carbohydrate uptake from food into the blood, but also has an indirect role in the optimization of glucose metabolism over the whole day, as it contributes to the adaptation of insulin secretion.
619 552 650 421 1271 218 790 1107 410 309 86 704 390 1392 77 53 852 601 1016 95 959 554 659 140 1301 1126 673 208 115 660 1278 714 557 1302 535 507